Best 2 Know

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL SPACING

CREATING PARAGRAPH INDENTATION:

There are three main ways of creating paragraph indentation:

1. One method is to create an empty, completely transparent image with a height of 1 pixel and a width of about 40 to 70 pixels (depending on how wide you want your indentation), anchor the image at the beginning of each paragraph, and the text will wrap around the image creating an indentation. It’s too much work for me.

2. You can also create an indentation using the <SPACER> tag, but keep in mind, this tag is recognized by Netscape 3.0 and 4.0, but not by any version of Internet Explorer to date.

Use the HORIZONTAL SIZE attribute of the <SPACER> tag to create a paragraph indentation. For instance, to get a 50 pixel horizontal indentation before a line of text, your HTML should look like this:

<SPACER TYPE=HORIZONTAL SIZE=50>Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here.

And you will get this (no indentation if you are using Explorer):

Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here.

3. The quickest way to create paragraph indentation – and the method recognized by all browsers – is to use a series of non-breaking spaces. HTML ignores extra white space within text. A browser will recognize the first space after a character, but any white space after is ignored. However, you can use a non-breaking space ( ), or a series of non-breaking spaces, to put extra white space within, or at the beginning or end of a text string.

For example, adding 6 non-breaking spaces at the beginning of the text string will indent the following sentence by 6 character spaces:

This text has an indent of 6 non-breaking spaces.

SPACING ABOVE AND BELOW TEXT:

There are two ways to create space above or below text:

1. You can use the VERTICAL SIZE attribute of the <SPACER> tag to create space above text. For instance, to get a 30 pixels of space above text, your HTML should look like this:

<SPACER TYPE=VERTICAL SIZE=30>Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here. Your text here.

And you will get this – 30 pixels of space before the following text:

Once again, the <SPACER> tag is recognized by Netscape 3.0 (and later versions), but not by any version of Internet Explorer to date.

2. The cheater’s way to include space above or below text (and the one method recognized by all browsers) is to just add some blank lines. Adding a series of paragraph breaks will not work (i.e. <P> <P> <P> <P> <P> <P>), but add a non-breaking space in between each paragraph break, and you have a very simple way of adding space above or below text:

SPACING AROUND IMAGES:

Using HSPACE (horizontal space) and VSPACE (vertical space) within the IMG SRC tag will give you horizontal and vertical padding around an image. For example, the following with give you 10 pixels above, below, and on each side of your image:

MS-DOS and command line overview

Below is a listing of each of the MS-DOS commands currently listed on Computer Hope and a brief explanation of what each of the commands do. The below commands are all MS-DOS commands, which means not all the below commands will work in your version of MS-DOS and/or Windows command line. Clicking on the command will open the help page for that command with full details about it.

Command	Description
Aansi.sysNSI.SYS	Defines functions that change display graphics, control cursor movement, and reassign keys.
append	Causes MS-DOS to look in other directories when editing a file or running a command.
arp	Displays, adds, and removes arp information from network devices.
assign	Assign a drive letter to an alternate letter.
assoc	View the file associations.
at	Schedule a time to execute commands or programs.
atmadm	Lists connections and addresses seen by Windows ATM call manager.
attrib	Display and change file attributes.
batch	Recovery console command that executes a series of commands in a file.
bootcfg	Recovery console command that allows a user to view, modify, and rebuild the boot.ini
break	Enable / disable CTRL + C feature.
cacls	View and modify file ACL’s.
call	Calls a batch file from another batch file.
cd	Changes directories.
chcp	Supplement the International keyboard and character set information.
chdir	Changes directories.
chdsk	Check the hard disk drive running FAT for errors.
chkntfs	Check the hard disk drive running NTFS for errors.
choice	Specify a listing of multiple options within a batch file.
cls	Clears the screen.
cmd	Opens the command interpreter.
color	Easily change the foreground and background color of the MS-DOS window.
command	Opens the command interpreter.
comp	Compares files.
compact	Compresses and uncompress files.
control	Open Control Panel icons from the MS-DOS prompt.
convert	Convert FAT to NTFS.
copy	Copy one or more files to an alternate location.
ctty	Change the computers input/output devices.
date	View or change the systems date.
debug	Debug utility to create assembly programs to modify hardware settings.
defrag	Re-arrange the hard disk drive to help with loading programs.
del	Deletes one or more files.
delete	Recovery console command that deletes a file.
deltree	Deletes one or more files and/or directories.
dir	List the contents of one or more directory.
disable	Recovery console command that disables Windows system services or drivers.
diskcomp	Compare a disk with another disk.
diskcopy	Copy the contents of one disk and place them on another disk.
doskey	Command to view and execute commands that have been run in the past.
dosshell	A GUI to help with early MS-DOS users.
drivparm	Enables overwrite of original device drivers.
echo	Displays messages and enables and disables echo.
edit	View and edit files.
edlin	View and edit files.
emm386	Load extended Memory Manager.
ename	Recovery console command to enable a disable service or driver.
endlocal	Stops the localization of the environment changes enabled by the setlocal command.
erase	Erase files from computer.
exit	Exit from the command interpreter.
expand	Expand a Microsoft Windows file back to it’s original format.
extract	Extract files from the Microsoft Windows cabinets.
fasthelp	Displays a listing of MS-DOS commands and information about them.
fc	Compare files.
fdisk	Utility used to create partitions on the hard disk drive.
find	Search for text within a file.
findstr	Searches for a string of text within a file.
fixboot	Writes a new boot sector.
fixmbr	Writes a new boot record to a disk drive.
for	Boolean used in batch files.
format	Command to erase and prepare a disk drive.
ftp	Command to connect and operate on a FTP server.
ftype	Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.
goto	Moves a batch file to a specific label or location.
graftabl	Show extended characters in graphics mode.
help	Display a listing of commands and brief explanation.
if	Allows for batch files to perform conditional processing.
ifshlp.sys	32-bit file manager.
ipconfig	Network command to view network adapter settings and assigned values.
keyb	Change layout of keyboard.
label	Change the label of a disk drive.
lh	Load a device driver in to high memory.
listsvc	Recovery console command that displays the services and drivers.
loadfix	Load a program above the first 64k.
loadhigh	Load a device driver in to high memory.
lock	Lock the hard disk drive.
logoff	Logoff the currently profile using the computer.
logon	Recovery console command to list installations and enable administrator login.
map	Displays the device name of a drive.
md	Command to create a new directory.
mem	Display memory on system.
mkdir	Command to create a new directory.
mode	Modify the port or display settings.
more	Display one page at a time.
move	Move one or more files from one directory to another directory.
msav	Early Microsoft Virus scanner.
msd	Diagnostics utility.
msdex	Utility used to load and provide access to the CD-ROM.
nbtstat	Displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT
net	Update, fix, or view the network or network settings
netsh	Configure dynamic and static network information from MS-DOS.
netstat	Display the TCP/IP network protocol statistics and information.
nlsfunc	Load country specific information.
nslookup	Look up an IP address of a domain or host on a network.
path	View and modify the computers path location.
pathping	View and locate locations of network latency.
pause	Command used in batch files to stop the processing of a command.
ping	Test / send information to another network computer or network device.
popd	Changes to the directory or network path stored by the pushd command.
power	Conserve power with computer portables.
print	Prints data to a printer port.
prompt	View and change the MS-DOS prompt.
pushd	Stores a directory or network path in memory so it can be returned to at any time.
qbasic	Open the QBasic.
rd	Removes an empty directory.
ren	Renames a file or directory.
rename	Renames a file or directory.
rmdir	Removes an empty directory.
route	View and configure windows network route tables.
runas	Enables a user to execute a program on another computer.
scandisk	Run the scandisk utility.
scanreg	Scan registry and recover registry from errors.
set	Change one variable or string to another.
setlocal	Enables local environments to be changed without affecting anything else.
setver	Change MS-DOS version to trick older MS-DOS programs.
share	Installs support for file sharing and locking capabilities.
shift	Changes the position of replaceable parameters in a batch program.
shutdown	Shutdown the computer from the MS-DOS prompt.
smartdrv	Create a disk cache in conventional memory or extended memory.
sort	Sorts the input and displays the output to the screen.
start	Start a separate window in Windows from the MS-DOS prompt.
subst	Substitute a folder on your computer for another drive letter.
switches	Remove add functions from MS-DOS.
sys	Transfer system files to disk drive.
telnet	Telnet to another computer / device from the prompt.
time	View or modify the system time.
title	Change the title of their MS-DOS window.
tracert	Visually view a network packets route across a network.
tree	View a visual tree of the hard disk drive.
type	Display the contents of a file.
undelete	Undelete a file that has been deleted.
unformat	Unformat a hard disk drive.
unlock	Unlock a disk drive.
ver	Display the version information.
verify	Enables or disables the feature to determine if files have been written properly.
vol	Displays the volume information about the designated drive.
xcopy	Copy multiple files, directories, and/or drives from one location to another.

How to backup and restore my Internet Favorites / Bookmarks.

Although there are several third-party software programs that will enable you to backup, restore, and manage your Internet browser bookmarks or favorites, all modern browsers today include bookmark managers and are capable of backing up and restoring your bookmarks and/or favorites. Below is a listing of each of the major browsers and how to backup and recover your Internet bookmarks or favorites.

Tip: If you’ve considered moving from one browser to another you can often backup your bookmarks in one browser and then follow the below restore tips to import those bookmarks into your new browser.

Microsoft Internet Explorer

Note: By default, Microsoft Internet Explorer will save your bookmarks as bookmark.htm.

Internet Explorer 5.0 and above users backing up favorites.

1. Within Internet Explorer, click the File menu and “Import and Export…”.
2. Within the Import and Export window click Next.
3. Click “Export Favorites” and click Next.
4. Select the folder wish to backup; if you wish to backup all favorites, leave the Favorites folder highlighted and click Next.
5. Select the destination you wish to save the favorites and click Next.
6. Click Finish.

Internet Explorer 5.0 and above recovering backup files from an Internet Explorer or Netscape backup.

1. Within Internet Explorer, click the File menu and “Import and Export…”.
2. Within the Import and Export window click Next.
3. Click “Import Favorites” and click Next.
4. Select the location that contains your favorites and click Next.
5. Select where you with to save your favorites and click Next.
6. Click Finish.

Mozilla Firefox

Recent versions of Firefox backup

1. Open Mozilla Firefox.
2. Click Bookmarks and then “Organize Bookmarks”.
3. Click “Export HTML” or Click “Import and Backup” and then “Backup”. We suggest Exporting to HTML since all browsers support the ability to easily read these files.
4. Type the filename you wish to save the file as and the destination and then click the Save button.

Recovering favorites in recent versions of Firefox

1. Open Mozilla Firefox.
2. Click Bookmarks and then “Organize Bookmarks”.
3. Click “Import and Backup”.
4. If the file is a JSON file click “Restore” and choose file. If the file is a .HTM/.HTML file or other browser file click “Import HTML” and follow the import wizzard.

Other versions of Firefox backup

1. Open Mozilla Firefox.
2. Click Bookmarks and then “Manage Bookmarks”.
3. In the Bookmarks Manager window click File and choose Export.
4. By default your bookmarks file will be called bookmarks.html. Choose the location you wish to save the bookmarks file to and click the Save button.

Netscape

Note: By default, Netscape will save your bookmarks as bookmarks.html.

Netscape Communicator / Netscape 7.0 and above users backing up bookmarks

1. Within Netscape, click Bookmarks and “Manage Bookmarks…” or CTRL+B.
2. Within the Bookmark manager click Tools and Export
3. Select where you wish to export the file and click ok.

Netscape Communicator / Netscape 7.0 and above users recovering backup files from Netscape backup or Internet Explorer.

1. Within Netscape, click Bookmarks and “Manage Bookmarks…” or CTRL+B.
2. Within the Bookmark manager click Tools and Import
3. Select the file you wish to Import and click open.

Opera

Note: By default, Opera will save your bookmarks as Opera6.adr. If your version of Opera is not 6, this filename may change.

Opera users backing up your bookmarks

1. Within Opera, click the File menu and Export.
2. Select the destination to where you wish to save the backup of your favorites to and click Save.

Opera users recovering a backup of your bookmarks.

1. Within Opera, click the File menu and Import.
2. Select “Opera bookmarks”, “Netscape bookmarks”, or “Internet Explorer favorites” depending on which bookmarks or favorites you wish to recover.
3. Select the file or folder you wish to recover.
4. Click ok.

Basic PC shortcut keys

Shortcut keys help provide an easier and usually quicker method of navigating and using computer software programs. Shortcut keys are commonly accessed by using the Alt (on IBM compatible computers), command key (on Apple computers), Ctrl, and/or Shift in conjunction with a single letter. The de facto standard for listing a shortcut is listing the modifier key, a plus symbol, and the single character. Or in other words, “ALT+S” is telling you to press the Alt key and while continuing to hold the Alt key, press the S key to perform the shortcut.

The below basic shortcut keys are a listing of shortcut keys that will work with almost all IBM compatible computers and software programs. It is highly recommended that all users keep a good reference of the below short cut keys and/or try to memorize the below keys. Doing so will dramatically increase your productivity.

Shortcut Keys	Description
Alt + F	File menu options in current program.
Alt + E	Edit options in current program
F1	Universal Help in almost every Windows program.
Ctrl + A	Select all text.
Ctrl + X	Cut selected item.
Shift + Del	Cut selected item.
Ctrl + C	Copy selected item.
Ctrl + Ins	Copy selected item
Ctrl + V	Paste
Shift + Ins	Paste
Home	Goes to beginning of current line.
Ctrl + Home	Goes to beginning of document.
End	Goes to end of current line.
Ctrl + End	Goes to end of document.
Shift + Home	Highlights from current position to beginning of line.
Shift + End	Highlights from current position to end of line.
Ctrl + Left arrow	Moves one word to the left at a time.
Ctrl + Right arrow	Moves one word to the right at a time.

Microsoft Windows XP and Vista boot time

If you’re running Windows XP or Vista with a computer that has a multiple core processor such as the Intel Core 2 duo you can increase how fast your computer boots up by having it use multiple processors for its boot sequence. Following the below steps to have Windows do this for you.

1. Click Start and Run (for XP) and type: msconfig and press enter.
2. Click the BOOT.INI or BOOT tab.
3. XP users highlight the line beginning with “multi” if not already selected and click the Advanced Options button.
4. In the Advanced Options Window for /NUMPROC= or Number of Processors change it to 2.
5. Reboot the computer.

Website Speed Test

Hello every time everyone says go and check your website loading speed then you go to search a tool which tell what is the loading speed but it sometimes failed so to help you give you correct reports for your website loading speed Tips and Tricks as brought an Speed Test Tool

Why to check speed of your website
If the Loading speed of your website is slow then visitors leave your site even if you have good articles to avoid this we have check our loading time very now and then an optimize and reduce and remove unnecessary Javascripts and maintain your loading time. don’t go your loading time beyond 2.0 seconds

How to use this tool

1. Enter the address of the page you want to check the speed for into the text box. (eg. riteshsanap4u.blogspot.com)

You can enter up to 10 different websites to check the speed for. After entering the first address, press Enter and enter a new address on the new line.

2. Click the “Check!” button.

The results will provide a rough estimation of the speed however at some point the server may lag which will cause the results to vary.

If the results are highlighted red, this means the website is either slow or offline. If the results are highlighted in blue, this means the website is extra fast comparing to the average loading time.

Total Posts and Total Comments Widget

Hello to all the blogger users today i m going to tell you how add an Total Post and Total Comment Widget

Total Post Widget Tells your visitors the post that are having been published to your blog and also shows that how many comments have been done to your blog so it can encourage to other people to comment on your blog

Q: 1.Is it difficult to install this hack ?
A: No its so simple that you have to just add an HTML/JAVASCRIPT widget

First login to your Blogger Dasboard .
Then Click on Layout.
Then click on add HTML/JAVASCRIPT.
Add Below Code to it :
<script style=”text/javascript”>
function numberOfPosts(json) {
document.write(‘Total Posts: <b>’ + json.feed.openSearch$totalResults.$t + ‘</b><br>’);
}
function numberOfComments(json) {
document.write(‘Total Comments: <b>’ + json.feed.openSearch$totalResults.$t + ‘</b><br>’);
}
</script>
<script src=”http://Your-Domain-Name/feeds/posts/default?alt=json-in-script&callback=numberOfPosts”></script>
<script src=”http://Your-Domain-Name/feeds/comments/default?alt=json-in-script&callback=numberOfComments”></script>
Then Just Put Custom domain name for Example : www.yoursite.com or yoursite.com
For Blog URL for example. riteshsanap4u.blogspot.com
Just Click on Save Button

Your Total Post and Total Comments Widget is ready

Folder Background Images in WinXP

This brief tutorial explains how to add a background image to any folder in Windows XP.

First, make sure all hidden files are visible on your system. Then, open the folder for which you wish to add a background image. Within the folder, right-click and select Properties » Customize tab » Customize. There, choose any icon, click Apply and OK.

That process should have created a “desktop.ini file. Open that file with a text editor and add these lines of code:

[ExtShellFolderViews]
{BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}={BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}
[{BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}]
IconArea_Image=C:\path\folder\background.jpg

To customize this according to your needs, edit the path in the last line to reflect to the location of the image you wish to use as the background image for that folder. Refresh the folder and the new background should appear.

Finally, to remove the default icon chosen during the creation of the desktop.ini and restore the default folder icon, delete these lines of code from within the desktop.ini file:

[.ShellClassInfo]
IconFile=%SystemRoot%\system32\shell32.dll
IconIndex=(some number)